By Melanie Nathan, Dec 29, 2025.
Downtown Hargeisa late on Friday was illuminated with the Israeli flag as residents of Somaliland’s capital celebrated Jerusalem’s decision to recognize their sovereignty. The recognition of Somaliland acknowledges a poignant reality and benefits the people of Somaliland, Israel and the West. Recognition and the response ought to trigger more recognizing the country.
For Israel, recognition of Somaliland offers clear strategic, security, and diplomatic advantages. Somaliland occupies a critical geo-strategic position along the Gulf of Aden and Red Sea corridor, adjacent to some of the world’s most important maritime trade and security routes. A stable, cooperative Somaliland provides Israel with a potential partner in counter-terrorism, maritime security, and intelligence cooperation in a region heavily contested by Iran-aligned actors and extremist groups. Unlike Somalia’s fragile federal system, Somaliland has demonstrated relative political stability, internal governance, and a consistent orientation toward pragmatic international partnerships. Recognition also aligns with Israel’s broader strategy of expanding ties with non-hostile states on the periphery of the Middle East, strengthening regional deterrence while countering hostile influence across the Horn of Africa. In this context, Somaliland represents not just a diplomatic recognition, but a long-term strategic asset — provided the relationship is developed carefully to avoid unnecessary regional escalation.Brief historical background (how this was constructed): Somaliland and Somalia were separate colonial entities:
- Somaliland was administered by Britain (British Somaliland).
- Somalia (to the south) was administered by Italy (Italian Somaliland).
In 1960, the two territories voluntarily united to form the Somali Republic. The union, however, was poorly negotiated and asymmetrical:
- Somaliland entered without a ratified, mutually agreed constitution.
- Political and economic power quickly centralized in Mogadishu.
- Northern (Somaliland) grievances deepened over marginalization and repression.
Following the collapse of the Somali state in 1991, Somaliland reasserted its sovereignty, restoring the borders of the former British Somaliland and declaring independence. Unlike southern Somalia, Somaliland rebuilt its institutions internally, through clan conferences, negotiated peace, and bottom-up governance, without significant international military intervention, and now demonstrates remarkable stability through good peaceful governance.
Sources indicate that additional MPs and ministers originating from Somaliland who currently sit within Somalia’s institutions are expected to follow, distancing themselves from what they describe as a “fake parliament” of Somalia – and purely symbolic roles that no longer reflect political reality.